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Analysis of KLF4 regulated genes in cancer cells reveals a role of DNA methylation in promoter-enhancer interactions

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单位: [1]Hugo W Moser Res Inst Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA [2]Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Mol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA [3]Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neurol, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA [4]Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr, Dept Oncol,Div Biostat & Bioinformat, Baltimore, MD USA [5]Johns Hopkins Univ, Wilmer Eye Inst, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA [6]Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Ctr High Throughput Biol, Baltimore, MD USA [7]Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol,Tongji Med Coll,Tongji Hosp,Dept Resp & Crit Care Med,Wuhan,Hubei,Peoples R China [8]Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol,Tongji Med Coll,Tongji Hosp,Dept Gen Surg,Wuhan,Hubei,Peoples R China [9]Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med & Mol Genet, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA [10]Indiana Univ Sch Med, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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关键词: Chromosome conformation capture methylated DNA enhancer KrUppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) B-cell lymphocyte kinase

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Recent studies have revealed an unexpected role of DNA methylation at promoter regions in transcription activation. However, whether DNA methylation at enhancer regions activates gene expression and influences cellular functions remains to be determined. In this study, by employing the transcription factor krUppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) that binds to methylated CpGs (mCpGs), we investigated the molecular outcomes of the recruitment of KLF4 to mCpGs at enhancer regions in human glioblastoma cells. First, by integrating KLF4 ChIP-seq, whole-genome bisulfite sequence, and H3K27ac ChIP-seq datasets, we found 1,299 highly methylated (beta > 0.5) KLF4 binding sites, three-quarters of which were located at putative enhancer regions, including gene bodies and intergenic regions. In the meantime, by proteomics, we identified 16 proteins as putative targets upregulated by KLF4-mCpG binding at enhancer regions. By chromosome conformation capture (3C) analysis, we demonstrated that KLF4 bound to methylated CpGs at the enhancer regions of the B-cell lymphocyte kinase (BLK) and Lim domain only protein 7 (LMO7) genes, and activated their expression via 3D chromatin loop formation with their promoter regions. Expression of mutant KLF4, which lacks KLF4 ability to bind methylated DNA, or removal of DNA methylation in enhancer regions by a DNA methyltransferase inhibitor abolished chromatin loop formation and gene expression, suggesting the essential role of DNA methylation in enhancer-promoter interactions. Finally, we performed functional assays and showed that BLK was involved in glioblastoma cell migration. Together, our study established the concept that DNA methylation at enhancer regions interacts with transcription factors to activate gene expression and influence cellular functions.

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出版当年[2017]版:
大类 | 2 区 生物
小类 | 2 区 生化与分子生物学 2 区 遗传学
最新[2025]版:
大类 | 3 区 生物学
小类 | 3 区 生化与分子生物学 3 区 遗传学
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出版当年[2016]版:
Q1 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Q1 GENETICS & HEREDITY
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Q2 GENETICS & HEREDITY Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

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第一作者单位: [1]Hugo W Moser Res Inst Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA [2]Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Mol Sci, Baltimore, MD USA
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通讯机构: [1]Hugo W Moser Res Inst Kennedy Krieger, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA [3]Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Neurol, Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA [9]Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Med & Mol Genet, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA [10]Indiana Univ Sch Med, Ctr Computat Biol & Bioinformat, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA
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