Two new cytochalasans with a rare 6/6/5/5/7 pentacyclic ring system, named chaetoconvosins C-D (1-2), together with two known congeners (3-4), were isolated from the fermentation of an endophytic fungus, Chaetomium sp. SG-01, harbored in the fibrous roots of Schisandra glaucescens Diels. Their structures including the absolute configuration were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic (HRESIMS, NMR, and ECD) and X-ray crystallographic analyses. The TRAIL-resistance-overcoming activity of 1-4 in a TRAIL-resistant HT29 colorectal cancer cell line was evaluated, which revealed that co-treatment of 1-4 at 50 mu M with TRAIL (150 ng/mL) reduced the HT29 cell viability by 19.0%, 24.1%, 17.9%, and 15.5%, respectively, compared to treatment with 1-4 alone.