The positive surgical margins in solid tumors has been a disturbing issue for clinicians. Chemotherapy is an important method to deal with the positive margin. However, systemic chemotherapy is required for long-term administration and has great side effects on health, which cause great pain to the patients. Local administration of slow-release materials provides an opportunity to improve the situation. In this study, we utilized electrospinning technology to create the drug sustained-release materials with nanofibrous structure, which were made from polylactic acid and a certain proportion of chemotherapy drugs (gemcitabine and cisplatin).In vitrorelease behavior of the drug sustained-release materials were explored by the high-performance liquid chromatography. The antitumor efficacy of the drug sustained-release materials was preliminarily verified in prostate cancer and breast cancerin vitro. Through animal models of breast cancer, the drug sustained-release materials in the treatment of the positive margin has been well documentedin vivo, and we also found that the drug sustained-release materials could definitely reduce the liver damage and myelosuppression compared with systemic chemotherapy. In summary, the experimental results showed that the local administration of the drug sustained-release materials could effectively inhibit the growth of the positive incision margins and definitely reduce the partial side effects associated with systemic chemotherapy. Impact statement The side effects of systemic chemotherapy in the treatment of positive margins have been troubling clinicians. Local administration of slow-release materials provides an opportunity to reduce the side effects associated with systemic chemotherapy. In this study, it is shown that the local administration of the drug sustained-release materials can effectively deal with the positive incision margins and definitely reduce the partial side effects associated with systemic chemotherapy, and these results confirm that the drug sustained-release materials would be a safer and more effective solution for positive margins in solid tumor surgery.