Objective: To explore potential mechanism about the experience that hypertension is associated with poor outcome in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods: In this retrospective study, 134 hypertensive patients diagnosed with COVID-19 were included from February 1, 2020 to March 15, 2020. We assessed the associations between renal injury on admission and risks of acute kidney injury (AKI) and in-hospital mortality and analyzed the dynamic changes of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Result: Among the 134 COVID-19 patients, 95 (70.9%) were discharged and survived, and 39 (29.1%) died. On admission, BUN and serum creatinine were elevated in 24 (17.9%) and 39 (29.1%) patients, respectively. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) was reported in 18 (13.4%) patients. Multiple regression analysis showed that elevated baseline BUN and eGFR less than 60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) on admission were independent risk factors for both AKI and in-hospital death in COVID-19 patients with hypertension. Level of serum creatinine or BUN increased faster in patients with elevated baseline serum creatinine or BUN respectively than those with normal levels. Conclusion: Renal injury of hypertensive patients can result in poor outcomes including AKI and death after they are infected with SARS-CoV-2, and clinicians should be vigilant for these patients with abnormal renal function at admission.