Gender influences clinical presentations, duration and severity of symptoms, and therapy outcome in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Whether the immune response to T alpha 1 treatment for SARS-CoV-2 differs between the sexes, and whether this difference explains the male susceptibility to COVID-19, is unclear. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency and safety of T alpha 1 treatment and provide a basis for practically identifying gender differences characteristics and features of COVID-19. One hundred twenty-seven patients had COVID-19 symptoms and tested COVID19-positive (female 42.52%) in Wuhan union hospital were enrolled for medication. They were randomly divided into groups Control and T alpha 1 intervention. Seventy-eight patients received a subcutaneous injection of 1.6 mg T alpha 1, based on supportive treatment for 15 days. The control group included untreated 49 COVID-19 patients closely matched for gender and age and received regular supportive treatment. In this retrospective analysis, we found that COVID-19-infected males reported more symptoms than COVID-19-infected females. A high degree of gender differences-related variability was observed in CRP and PCT levels and the cell counts of many lymphocyte subpopulations in the COVID-19 patients after T alpha 1 intervention. Levels of CRP and IL-6 were higher in T alpha 1-treated male group than T alpha 1-treated female group, while the level of PCT was significantly lower in T alpha 1-treated male group. Gender differences may be a factor in sustaining COVID19 immunity responded to T alpha 1, male and female show statistically significant differences in relevance to cytokine production associated with the development of a more significant number of symptoms. This leaves the question of identifying gender-specific risk factors to explain these differences.