Effective therapy of atherosclerotic complications in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an unmet clinical need. Cardiovascular events are the most common cause of death. At a glomerular filtration rate <= 60 ml/min, these events are increased also after correction for common risk factors. Previous studies have reported enhanced vascular inflammation in mice and recently also in humans. Our current data show, in a mouse model of atherosclerosis in moderate renal impairment, that interleukin-17 receptor A is instrumental in this condition, and blockade of this pathway can normalize arterial inflammation even in advanced atherosclerosis. (C) 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier on behalf of the American College of Cardiology Foundation.