Objective: To explore the effect of gene polymorphism of inflammatory cytokines on the prognosis of patients with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary heart disease, CHD) after surgical treatment, and to provide individualized therapeutic evidence for CHD at gene level so as to promote the translational application of research achievements in CHD genetics. Methods: A total of 120 patients with CHD underwent off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCABG). The whole blood was drawn before surgery, and gene polymorphism of inflammatory cytokines was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and gene sequencing. The plasma was respectively taken before and 4 h, 24 h and 72 h after surgery. The levels of inflammatory cytokines were all detected using Liquichip system. Results: The levels of plasma interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and IL-10 increased after surgery and reached the peak 4 h after surgery. The levels of IL-8 and IL-10 decreased to the preoperative within 72 h after surgery, but that of IL-6 was still higher than surgery before. The level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) began to decrease 4 h after surgery, but increased to the preoperative 72 h after surgery. There were 4 cases of GC and 116 cases of GO in 11,-6 genotypes, 12 cases of AA, 67 cases of AT and 41 cases of TT in IL-8 genotypes, 4 cases of GO, 21 cases of AG and 95 cases of AA in IL-10 genotypes as well as 19 cases of AG and 101 cases of GC, in INF-alpha genotypes. 4 h after surgery, the levels of IL-6 in patients with IL-6-174GG genotype, IL-8 in patients with IL-8-251AA genotype and 1L-10 M patients with 1L-10-1082AA genotype were all significantly higher than those with other genotypes at the same time. No difference was statistically significant among different genotypes at other time points regarding the levels of intlammatoly cytokines. The results of Logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk of postoperative ventilator-applied time >1 d and hospital stays >14 d increased in patients with AA in IL-8 genotypes. Conclusion: Inflammatory reaction in the body can be caused by surgical treatment for CHD, and the degree of postoperative inflammatory reaction and prognosis are associated with genetic background. The degree of postoperative inflammatory reaction aggravates in patients with IL-8251AA genotype, and the prognosis is poor.