单位：[1]Outpatient Department of Gastroenterology, IBD center, Policlinic Helios KlinikumBuch, Berlin, Germany[2]Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital,Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark[3]University of South Carolina School of Medicine,Columbia, SC, USA[4]Medizinische Klinik I, Sana Kliniken Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany[5]Faculty of Science and Health, Charles Sturt University, Australia[6]Acute Gynaecology,Early Pregnancy and Advanced Endosurgery Unit, Sydney Medical School Nepean,University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia[7]Department of MedicalUltrasound, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science andTechnology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China超声影像科华中科技大学同济医学院附属同济医院[8]Department of Ultrasound, Xinhua HospitalAffiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 1665 Kongjiang Road,Shanghai 200092, China[9]Society and College of Radiographers, London, UnitedKingdom[10]Kliniken Hirslanden Bern, Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern,Switzerland[11]University of Applied Sciences FH Campus Wien, Health Sciences,Radiological Technology, Sonography, Vienna, Austria[12]Centre for Surgical Ultrasound,Dep of Surgery, Zealand University Hospital, Køge and Copenhagen Academy forMedical Education and Simulation (CAMES), University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen,Denmark[13]Department of Radiology, University Hospital of Southern Denmark VejleHospital, Vejle, Denmark[14]Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department, ELIASEmergency University Hospital, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Carol Davila”Bucharest, Romania[15]UCLA Emergency Medicine Residency Program. Ronald ReaganMedical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
Simulation has been shown to improve clinical learning outcomes, speed up the learning process, and improve trainee confidence, while taking the pressure off initial face-to-face patient clinical areas. The second part of The World Federation for Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology state-of-the-art paper on the use of simulators provides a general approach on the practical implementation. The importance of needs assessment before developing a simulation-based training program is outlined. We describe the current practical implementation and critically analyze how simulators can be integrated into complex task scenarios to train small or large groups. A wide range of simulation equipment is available especially for those seeking interventional ultrasound training, ranging from animal tissue models, simple synthetic phantoms, to sophisticated high-fidelity simulation platforms using virtual reality. Virtual reality simulators provide feedback and thereby allow trainees to not only to practice their motor skills and hand eye coordination but also to interact with the simulator. Future developments will integrate more elements of automated assessment and artificial intelligence, thereby enabling enhanced realistic training experience and improving skill transfer into clinical practice.
第一作者单位：[1]Outpatient Department of Gastroenterology, IBD center, Policlinic Helios KlinikumBuch, Berlin, Germany
通讯作者：
通讯机构：[10]Kliniken Hirslanden Bern, Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern,Switzerland[*1]Kliniken Hirslanden Bern, Beau Site, Salem und Permanence, Bern, Switzerland
推荐引用方式(GB/T 7714)：
Claudia Lucius,Michael Bachmann Nielsen,Michael Blaivas,et al.The use of simulation in medical ultrasound: Current perspectives on applications and practical implementation (WFUMB state-of-the-art paper)[J].Endoscopic ultrasound.2023,12(3):311-318.doi:10.1097/eus.0000000000000022.
APA：
Claudia Lucius,Michael Bachmann Nielsen,Michael Blaivas,Eike Burmester,Susan Campbell Westerway...&Christoph F. Dietrich.(2023).The use of simulation in medical ultrasound: Current perspectives on applications and practical implementation (WFUMB state-of-the-art paper).Endoscopic ultrasound,12,(3)
MLA：
Claudia Lucius,et al."The use of simulation in medical ultrasound: Current perspectives on applications and practical implementation (WFUMB state-of-the-art paper)".Endoscopic ultrasound 12..3(2023):311-318
医学